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The modern dynamic production environment requires continuous improvement of tools for managerial decision-making. Although decision-making is increasingly directed toward artificial intelligence, the most important managerial decisions are still related to solving combinatorial optimization problems. Numerous papers presenting improvements to existing procedures are published daily; however, the implementation of the proposed algorithms in practice is often …

Organic semiconductors have emerged as a distinct class of functional materials with rapidly expanding impact across modern electronics, photonics and energy technologies. Unlike crystalline inorganic semiconductors, they offer molecular tunability, mechanical flexibility, low-temperature processability, strong light–matter interaction, coupled electronic–ionic dynamics and possibility of continuous property tuning. Against this background, organic semiconductors naturally align with the …